If there is certainly been a person immutable rule during American television background, it's been neighborhood information. Almost from the moment the station 1st signed on air, they commenced carrying nearby news where by sports often performed An important function. A lack of reliable programming resources in these early a long time led numerous stations to show to sports to fill their broadcasting schedules. The big apple's WNBT tv signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its first broadcast was an experienced baseball activity ("NBC History", 2003). When building community newscasts to accommodate their viewers, these stations typically incorporated sports activities and weather conditions. Such as, in 1961 WKMG started its initial entire-time information Section in Orlando. Newscasts include things like Frank Vaught's sporting activities experiences ("The history of," 2003).
Sports have held a dominant place in nearby news broadcasting for a number of many years, but current market developments have known as into issue this place. Segmented audiences, altering demographics, and declining news profitability have forced the station to reexamine its local sporting activities phase. “Athletics is without doubt one of the past parts of Tv set the place men and women do items the way in which they usually have,” says tv govt Elliott Wiser. “(Nowadays) a whole new strategy is needed” (Deggans, 2000).
Trouble for Community Television News
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Challenge for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 two/3가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 seventy six%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 nine월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv News Director’s Affiliation(“Shifting channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Television 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 four~5개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Problem for Community Television Sporting activities
None of this is Great news for that nearby tv sports activities sector, which is ever more below scrutiny from station execs. Inspite of its standard existence inside of area newscasts, sports activities have long been regarded a "tuning" factor. In line with a survey with the Radio and tv News Directors Basis, only 31% of viewers stated they ended up 'very intrigued' in athletics and 32% were 'fairly fascinated' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to seventy two% who expressed curiosity while in the temperature. "Sports are really polarizing." reported television information consultant Brent Magid. “The majority can acknowledge, go away, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Studies have proven that Girls are considerably much less considering athletics than Adult males (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and many stations have acted accordingly. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the sport from its early evening newscasts. In line with station information director Jim Church, "Telling a Tale when not a soul is listening is not a great utilization of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have eradicated the sport, while others have diminished their allotted time. Depending upon the working day of your 7 days (weekends have more sports time), sports segments have historically obtained among 3 and five minutes of nearby news coverage. Given that selection is all the way down to a few moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Slice enough time for athletics by just 3 plus a fifty percent minutes for three hours of news. Others in the field have executed new techniques, for instance athletics stories that concentrate more on people than scores or cater to the broader news viewers. "What we are looking to do now is treat sporting activities as information," claims KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We want to do a little something outside of sports activities” (Finder, 2002).
Discussion
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Television set 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Improvements in neighborhood sports can be a mirrored image on the incredible upheaval taking place through broadcast 스포츠중계 news. If your sports activities sector is now not Protected, How about other news features? CBS Group Information Vice President Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) claimed, “[All of this] forces us to reexamine the [information] model.”
On a far more immediate stage, modifications from the nearby athletics sector straight have an impact on A large number of aspiring sportscasters. Stations that happen to be decreasing their motivation to sports will also be reducing their sports activities workforce degrees, which impacts the job industry. A further news director mentioned, "[Athletics on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two full-time sportsmen to one entire-time, one accountable for the information a few times per week, and it had been a combat to remain there.”
Similarly important, adjustments in how sporting activities are presented are forcing sports broadcasters to understand new procedures. Now not can sportscasters focus on scoring. They've to produce the presentation far more participating for normal lovers. This is also important for journalism faculties across the country, which must document what stations want inside the sports sector and update their training curricula.
Will these modifications function or persist? Sports activities journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented within the modify in KDKA, “Allow’s reserve last judgment until finally September, once the Steelers, school, and high school soccer seasons start out in earnest. Then the station will be . There is an mistake in clock administration.”